The first phase that a star goes through is called a stellar nebula. A stellar nebula is where gravity collects a bunch of materials in space like dust and gas, and creates a disk that swirls around the center.
Next the stellar nebula collects more dust and gas, and everything starts to heat up in the core, causing nuclear fusion to start.
A yellow star occurs after a little bit of time. It is a low mass star that burns progressively for billions of years; like our sun. This is where is gets tricky. Stars come in all different sizes. A bigger star goes onto a different phase coming up next.
A star that is the same size as the sun or that is smaller becomes something that is a red giant. A red giant is where the core runs out of hydrogen so it contracts, but the atmosphere, or the outside of the sun expands
A white dwarf is when the core collapses and the atmosphere will be released into space like a nebula. The white dwarf is usually the size of the earth too.
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The super red giant is where a yellow star that is bigger than the normal yellow star, expands bigger than an average red giant. It still does the regular tasks as a normal red giant. Also both of them have a luminosity of 1.
A supernova is where the star can't handle it's nuclear fuel and explode into a burst of light. It is so bright, it is like the equivalent 10 billion suns. It is a stellar explosion that is bigger than a regular nova.
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A black dwarf is where the core of the star or whatever left over piece of gas and dust it is will cool down and just stop glower all together,
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A neutron star is a type stellar remnant that can result from the gravitational pull of a massive star during a supernova.
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A black hole is basically a death trap. Nothing can escape it, because the gravitational pull is so strong that nothi
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